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KMID : 1145520200060020058
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Journal of Radiopharmaceuticals and Molecular Probes
2020 Volume.6 No. 2 p.58 ~ p.72
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Current research status for imaging neuroinflammation by PET
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Lee Nam-Hun
Choi Jae-Yong
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Abstract
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The aging society is globally one of biggest issue because it is related with various degenerative brain disease such as dementia, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis, and cerebrovascular disease. These diseases are characterized by misfolded-protein aggregation; another pathological trait is “neuroinflammation”. In physiological state, the resting microglia cells are activated and it removes abnormal synapses and cell membrane debris to maintain the homeostasis. In pathological state, however, microglia undergo morphological change form ‘resting’ to ‘activated amoeboid phenotype’ and the microglia cells are accumulated by neuronal damage, the inflammatory reactions induced nerve metamorphosis with a variety of neurotoxic factors including cytokines, chemokines, and reactive oxygen species. Thus, the activated microglia cell with various receptors (TSPO, COX, CR, P2XR, etc.) was perceived as important biomarkers for imaging the inflammatory progression. In this review, we would like to introduce the current status of the development of radiotracers that can image activated microglia.
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KEYWORD
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Neuroinflammation, Positron emission tomography, Neurodegenerative disease
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